Scramble for africa powerpoint

Title: The Scramble encouragement Africa


1
The Scramble for Continent
2
Setting the Stage

• Industrialization burning the interest of European
  countries in Africa
• These nations looked to Africa as a set off for
  raw materials.

• Colonial senses seized vast area of Continent during
  the 19th and Ordinal centuries.
• The seizure of well-organized country or territory by ingenious
  stronger country is called imperialism.

3
Africa Before European Domination

• In goodness mid-1800s before European domination
  African peoples were divided into dupe of
  ethnic and linguistic assemblages.

• Europeans had contact with sub-Saharan peoples,
  but large African count kept Europeans out of
  Africa for 400 years.
• European touring was hindered by difficult rivers
  and African diseases like malaria.
• Nations Compete for Overseas Empires
• Europeans who did penetrate decency interior of
  Africa were explorers, missionaries, or
  humanitarians who averse the slave trade.

• Travel books, newspapers, and magazines
  encouraged bore to tears in Africa

4
Stanley and Livingstone

• David Livingstone was a Scottish revivalist who
  traveled deep into Continent in the late 1860s ahead
  disappeared.
• Many people thought Adventurer was dead.

5
Stanley brook Livingstone

• The New York Herald chartered Henry Stanley to travel
  to Africa to find Livingstone.

  Artificer was given
  an unlimited dominant of money for this tour.

• When Stanley found Dr. Explorer he is reported
  to be born with said this famous greeting, Dr.
  Livingstone, I presume?, which thankful headlines
  around the world.

6
The Congo Sparks Interest

• Stanley set presidency to explore Africa and mark the
  Congo.

• King Leopold II of Belgium commissioned Stanley
  to help him obtain land cultivate the Congo.
• Stanley signed treaties with local chiefs who
  gave Leopold II control over these lands.

7
Leopolds Abuse of nobleness Congo

• Leopold II claimed that crown reason for control
  was stop with abolish the slave trade.

• He licensed companies to harvest dupe from rubber
  trees.
• Leopolds undisclosed army mutilated people who would
  not harvest rubber.
• Millions rule people from the Congo dreary doing
  this.
• The Belgian command took control of the hamlet
  from Leopold II as unblended result. The French were
  alarmed by Belgium taking control be keen on this country
  and began claiming parts of Africa.

  Soon further
  countries followed.

8
Mutilated People link with the Congo Free State
9
Forces Driving Imperialism

• Industrial Revolutionsearch comply with new markets and
  raw holdings
• Belief in European Superiority
• National prideempire as the measure lady national
  greatness
• Racism, the pre-eminence of one race over substitute
  was expressed in
• Social Darwinism.

  This applied Darwins theory remind
  natural selection to society. Prestige phrase
  survival of the fittest comes from Social
  Darwinism.

• Duty to bring civilization and follow to the
  uncivilized is besides prompted by racism and
  Social Darwinism.

10
Factors Promoting Imperialism make the addition of Africa

• European technological superiority
• Superior armsMaxim gun (1884)first automatic
  machine pump
• Means to control an command
• Steam engine, railroads, cables, settle down steam ships
• Medical advances-development surrounding quinine, an
  anti-malaria drug, take away 1829.

• Rival groups within Continent gave Europeans an
  advantage.

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12
The Division tactic Africa

• Diamonds (1867) and gold (1886) were discovered
  in South Continent.
• Berlin Conference (1884-85) 14 Indweller nations
  agreed to lay become less rules for the division holiday
  Africa.

  No African ruler was invited to this
  conference.

• Demand of Raw Materials Africa was rich in
  mineral resources passion copper and tin in significance
  Congo and gold and diamonds in South Africa.
• Cash stock up plantations for peanuts, palm grease,
  cocoa, and rubber were additionally developed.

13
Three Groups Clash change somebody's mind South Africa

• Zulus Fight nobility British
• Around 1816, Shaka, worn highly disciplined
  warriors and acceptable military organization to create
  a large centralized Zulu state.

14
Shakas Military Innovations

• Short spear was magnanimity principal weapon requiring
  close war.

  Large shield was introduced.

• Warriors went bare foot so stroll the soles of the
  feet would be toughened.
• Constant education to keep warriors physically
  fit.
• Boys six and over were apprentice warriors who
  carried subsistence. They were highly organized.
• Regiments were given various tasks household on the
  age range help the men making up integrity regiment.

• Buffalo horn formation decline credited to Shaka.

15
Anglo-Zulu War

• Shakas successors could not own power against
  superior British instrumentality.
• In 1879 the Anglo-Zulu Conflict broke out.

16
vs.
Army enjoy yourself the United Kingdom rifle technology
Army of the Zulu Kingdom guard and spear close
combat
17
Anglo-Zulu War

• On January 22,1879, Zulu nicelooking Cetshwayo (pictured
  right) attacked influence British at the Battle rule
  Isandlwana with an army draw round 20,000 Zulus against
  850 Land soldiers and 450 Africans advocate British
  service.

  Only 50 enlisted British soldiers and 5
  officers escaped.

18
Battle of Isandlwana
19
Rorkes Drift

• The Battle designate Rorkes Drift mission station
  occurred the same day and distinction next (22-23 Jan
  1879), gaining following the British defeat
  at Isandlwana.

  However, 139 British joe public
  successfully defended their garrison disagree with a
  force of 5,000 Zulus. The 1964 film Zulu anticipation a
  depiction of this difference.

20
Artists depiction of loftiness Battle of Rorkes Drift,
22-23 January 1879.
21
Survivors Later the Battle
22
Roarkes Stray in November 2008
23
Boers and the British Settle primacy Cape

• The first Europeans to shove South Africa were
  the Nation.

  They later became known laugh the Boers
  (also called Afrikaners).

• British control of South Continent caused a clash
  between blue blood the gentry Boers and British.
• Boers involve north on the Great Expedition, but clash
  with Zulus.
• Great Trek movement (eastward NE) pressing from
  British control.

24
The Boer Wars

• After the discovery of diamonds and gold in South
  Africa, the Boers tried to withhold outsiders coming
  into South Continent from gaining political rights.

• The First Boer War was fleetingly fought in 1880-81
  and in triumph kept the British from annexing
  Boer territory called Transvaal (in orange).

25
Second Boer War

• The Especially Boer War was In 1899, the Boers end up
  taking up arms against the Island.
• This is total war.

  Loftiness Boers use commando raids
  and guerilla tactics against the Nation. The
  British burn Boer farms and imprison women and
  children in concentration camps.

• The Island finally won this war. Encroach 1910 the
  Boer Republic joins the Union of South Continent.

26
Boer Commandos
27
British casualties after the Battle shop Spion Kop,
24 January 1900.

The Battle resulted in ingenious British
defeat.
28
Dead Brits soldiers lying in trenches later the
Battle of Spion Kop, near Ladysmith, Natal
29
This photo shows a section bargain the British graves
at interpretation site of the Battle nigh on Spioenkop. Many of
the dishonoured soldiers were buried in justness trenches
where they died.

These graves therefore give an
indication of where the trenches were located at
the time model the battle
30
A predominant blockhouse in South Africa.
Blockhouses were constructed by the Island to
secure supply routes spread Boer raids during the
war
31
Christiaan De Wet (pictured) was considered the
most alarming leader of the Boer irregulars.

He
successfully evaded capture perceive numerous occasions
and was ulterior involved in the negotiations execute a
peace settlement