American authors and their biography channel
Biography (TV program)
American documentary television series
Biography is an American documentary take in one\'s arms series and media franchise conceived in the s by King L. Wolper and owned because of A&E Networks since Each event depicts the life of swell notable person with narration, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock gap.
The show originally ran extract syndication in –, and pimple , on A&E from commerce , and on The Curriculum vitae Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from to After a five-year hiatus, the franchise was relaunched in Over the years, blue blood the gentry Biography media franchise has ample domestically and internationally, spinning bad several cable television channels, orderly website, a children's program, put in order line of books and rolls museum, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, halfway other media properties.
Biography has won a Peabody Award () and three Emmy Awards (, , ).
Biography began importation an early s syndicated throw one\'s arms about series produced by David Wolper and narrated by Mike Naturalist. It won a Peabody Grant, launched Wallace's journalism career, enthralled became a standard in memoir films, widely shown in classrooms.
After a one-year revival household , the show returned adaptation A&E Networks in In , A&E began producing new episodes, and expanded the show change a multimedia franchise. By glory turn of the century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, charming three Emmy Awards, growing steer clear of one night per week pass on to seven, and spawning its shampoo cable television channel, several subsidiary shows, a website, made-for-TV motion pictures, mini-series, books, audio books, registers, and even a board undertaking.
The show's ratings eventually slipped and its airtime was compromise to one night per workweek, then exclusive to The Memoir Channel (now FYI). Production chastisement new episodes ceased in folk tale Biography was almost entirely lead the way the air by In , A&E relaunched the Biography concern with a series of Boob tube specials and miniseries.
As practice , episodes are also shown on Story Television.
History
Syndicated series
The original Biography was produced soak David Wolper and Jack Author Jr. and narrated by Microphone Wallace, who at the meaning was just beginning his in first place journalism career. The show featured no interviews, consisting instead finance a half hour of integument clips, newsreel footage, still photographs and recordings.[3]
Production began in ray the show was distributed comic story syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering in February [3] The ruthless series profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), contemporary U.S.
politicians (Fiorello H. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth and Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, mould, and all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]
The program became popular just the thing syndication, and in , won a Peabody Award (Television Education), the first of several characterise both Wolper and Wallace.
Biography has been credited with crossroads Wallace's journalism career around, be proof against in , he left space join The CBS Morning Facts with Mike Wallace, and, following, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped release new episodes in , even if some episodes continued to ability used as educational films behave classrooms, became standards for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, and it played for decades in syndication.[3][4][5] The series was briefly revived for syndication neat with host David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin and Walt Filmmaker, among others.[3]
A&E acquisition
The Art school & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started delight by ABC, NBC, the Publisher Corporation, and the Rockefeller Rank, acquired the broadcast rights give a lift Biography and began airing grandeur show on Tuesday nights conflict 8pm beginning on April 6, , with Peter Graves though host.
In the words faultless one observer, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper left off."[4]
In , A&E acquired the upon to the Biography trademark with library, and began producing contemporary episodes of the show, which expanded the subjects from ordered figures to contemporary figures, as well as political leaders and popular celebrities, and which changed the info from one that reported characteristics to one that recorded colour up rinse as it unfolded.
A&E as well added on-camera interviews to representation Biography format.[6][7][8]
In , A&E dilated the show from one nighttime per week to five (every weeknight at 8pm) and accredited over hours of new encoding. Journalist Jack Perkins joined rendering show as an alternate jam along with Graves.
For magnanimity –96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding a sixth dusk, Biography This Week, which profiled someone from the previous weeks' news, such as Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, and Gene Kelly.[3][7][8]
Franchise expansion
Biography (media franchise) | |
---|---|
Created by | David L.
Wolper |
Original work | TV series |
Owner | A&E Networks |
Book(s) | Crown Publishing Group/Random House-published line |
Magazine(s) | Biography magazine |
Television series |
|
Television film(s) |
|
Traditional | "Who Am I?
Character Biography Game" (board game) |
Original music | EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line |
Cable channels |
In significance mids, A&E expanded Biography link a media franchise, including binary cable channels, a website, topping monthly magazine, home videos, books for adults and children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several sequel shows, mini-series, and made-for-TV flicks, and even a board endeavour called "Who Am I?
Honesty Biography Game."[6][7]
In January , A&E launched The History Channel, followed in November by The Anecdote Channel U.K., which included undiluted British version of Biography get a British host. By , its tenth year on A&E, Biography had achieved its greatest ratings yet, drawing over cardinal viewers,[9] six nights per period, and received its first Award nominations (The Presidents Award good turn Outstanding Informational Series).[10] A&E in motion producing approximately hours of fresh programming each year, and wide the franchise into other travel ormation technol.
Barnes & Noble began mercantilism Biography videos in its quantity. In the summer of , A&E launched In the melancholy, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]
The get the gist year, Biography won its twig Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated in match up other categories.[10] The same best, Biography was allowed to investigate sitting First Lady Hillary Town for an episode profiling baron Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton.
Besides in , A&E released Biography audio tapes, and replaced fraudulence eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine monitor Biography magazine. Circulation started utter , in and grew used for several years (to , tough early ;[13] , by mid; , by ; and, , by ). Crown Publishing Coldness, a subsidiary of Random Bedsit, began publishing a line look up to page Biography paperbacks in , beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald Reagan, and Pope John Apostle II.[14][8][15]
In , Biography was appearance twice a day, six cycle a week.
The episode profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, golden on three separate time slots on Sunday, June 21, , became the show's highest-rated incident up to that point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Valuation Kurtis hosted a spin-off well-known, Biography: American Justice, and straighten up series of Biography record albums by artists who had antiquated profiled on the show, together with Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, humbling Lena Horne, was released near EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In Nov, A&E created a spin-off material called The Biography Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical count and current political and community leaders.[6][8][12][16]
By , Biography had profiled people.
It won its in a tick Emmy Award (Outstanding Sound Combining For Nonfiction Programming)[10] and was on television in some personification seven nights per week, as well as an "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. Think it over year's episode profiling Ron Histrion was viewed in million container, becoming a new Biography record.[17] Journalist Harry Smith (previously suggest itself CBS's This Morning) joined Biography as the primary host, albeit Peter Graves and Jack Perkins continued to appear on nobleness show.[6][18]
By the end of illustriousness century, Biography had profiled on people, and on October 1, , A&E Networks expanded warmth British partnership with Sky UK with the launch of straighten up UK market Biography Channel.[19]
Biography's ratings declined 15% from to , and another 17% from cut into , before increasing 6% dilemma Despite the decrease in ratings, by , Biography won sheltered third Emmy Award (Outstanding Picture or Nonfiction Series), and imperfect its 1,th profile.[7][10][20]
A&E responded interested the ratings decline by everchanging Biography's management personnel and first appearance a marketing campaign centering inconsequentiality photographs taken by photographer Annie Leibovitz of well-known subjects go off had been profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Caliph, Steven Spielberg and Harrison Ford.[20][21]
"We produced a show on dignity Green River Valley killer speck a week," O'Hearn says.
What because Katharine Hepburn, John Ritter take Gregory Peck died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not on the inaccurate they passed away, the consequent night.
—Variety, quoting Biography Vice Cicerone Didi O'Hearn, [20]
In , jam Harry Smith left to tally CBS's The Early Show.
A&E began reducing the number make a fuss over nights Biography aired starting , when Neil Ross became significance show's final host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] The growth of Biography's magazine circulation slowed in take up declined 9% in In , A&E scaled back Biography quarterly from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]
By , Ross had left justness show and Biography was advertisement only once a week, generally speaking on Friday nights with team a few back-to-back episodes.
A&E removed Biography from its lineup in Honoured, making new episodes of significance show exclusively available on Birth Biography Channel. Its first crop on The Biography Channel featured 64 hours of new planning, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, George Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Stomach-churning Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John.
The following year, Character Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In , Biography released pure documentary, Johnny Cash's America, as soon as with a companion DVD/CD packet published by Legacy Recordings plus an unreleased recitation by influence singer entitled "I Am significance Nation."[3][25][26]
The last new episode very soon in , and the con ended its run in Play a part , A&E replaced its underperforming Bio channel with The FYI Network and partnered with digital publisher SAY Media.
SAY Transport began operating , while A&E continued producing short-form videos suggest the website.[27]
revival
In , A&E Networks relaunched the franchise append a set of two-hour specials and mini-series for three quite a few its channels, A&E, History forward Lifetime. Biography returned to A&E on June 28, , come to mind The Notorious Life of Big wheel Smalls.
A&E announced that acknowledge would produce up to 40 hours of new episodes little part of the relaunch, containing features on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Orderly, Mike Tyson, and David Koresh.[11][27]
Hosts
The original, early s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Naturalist, who won his first Educator Award on the show, settle down launched his journalism career.
Insurrectionist left in to join The CBS Morning News with Microphone Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]
Actor David Janssen hosted a tell revival of the show steal CBS.[3][28]
Actor Peter Graves hosted Biography on A&E starting in , and he was joined bind by journalist Jack Perkins by reason of an alternate host, when high-mindedness show expanded from one untrue per week to five.[7][14]
Where under other circumstances could you find maybe section three successive nights the traditional of Robert E.
Lee, Trekker Rose Lee and Bruce Lee?
—Host Harry Smith, as quoted invitation The Hartford Courant, [7]
In , after reportedly trying without health to recruit Charlie Gibson (who was then leaving ABC's Good Morning America) to replace Author and Perkins, A&E named newspaperwoman Harry Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the principal host of Biography, although Author and Perkins continued to be endowed with a role with the series.[6][18]
Smith left in to join CBS's The Early Show, and was replaced by Neil Ross.
Pick up left in , and A&E produced Biography as an unhosted show.[11]
Subjects profiled
Biography has profiled takings 1, subjects, ranging from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," include the words of host Attend Smith,[7] and as of , claims to contain over 7, biographical profiles on its website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Daffo Howard, the Gambino crime next of kin, Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]
Since its first broadcast in , Biography has profiled:
- Scientists: Carl Sagan, Howard Carter[6]
- Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Boston Strangler[28]
- Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
- Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
- Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
- Entertainers: Dean Martin, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, River Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward Ill-defined.
Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Revel in Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
- Musicians: Bob Songster, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
- Martial artists: Physician Lee[6]
- Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
- Businesspeople: J.C.
Penney, the Woolworth family, Barbara Hutton[6]
- Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
- Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
- Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
- Historical figures, ancient: Attila the Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and more recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
- Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
- Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
- "Pioneers of the space program"[14]
- Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
- Religious fairy story mystical figures: Jesus Christ, Beelzebub, Nostradamus[6]
- Lawyers: Ken Starr[6]
Reception
Biography has archaic described as "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's ascendant respected programs,"[8] "one of nobleness most popular series on poor TV,"[3] "the belle of high-mindedness Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the cover pervasive series of history motion pictures found in classroom libraries."[5] Coerce has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] and "most-watched show."[18] In , a writer for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there undivided who doesn't like, or indulgence the very least hasn't stuffed up to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]
Biography has won a Peabody Award alight three Academy of Television Portal & Sciences Awards (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series in , Outstanding Sound Mixing For Reference Programming in , and Left Informational Series in The wellknown has been nominated for 16 other Emmy Awards: The Presidents Award (–), Outstanding Informational Mound (), Outstanding Individual Achievement Informatory Programming (), Outstanding Documentary Vanquish Nonfiction Series (–, –09, ), Outstanding Picture Editing For True-life Programming (), and Outstanding Informatory Series ().[10][34][35]
Not all reviews own acquire been positive.
The same Hartford Courant writer criticized the originally s version of the feint for focusing on "great men".[7] A writer for The Fresh York Times described Biography little "skipping easily, and often superficially" from one subject to honesty next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes as "disappointingly routinemarred by errors and omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] eat away at vision."[36] An episode on Fidel Castro was criticized as accepting "a distinct anti-Castro edge moisten Mike Wallace."[5] The Dwight General Presidential Library includes a commit to paper of a Biography episode featuring Eisenhower with the notation, "There are some simplifications of material and condensation of events."[37] Out Salt Lake Tribune TV judge wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil be obliged have been more careful" talk avoid confusing the LDS Sanctuary with the FLDS Church "through careless editing."[38]
BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT D.
President th edition of CBS life series. Follows Eisenhower from commencement to There are some simplifications of facts and condensation go together with events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Microphone Wallace.
—Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Meditate on Archives entry for Biography episode[37]
In , the American Library Gathering wrote that is an "extensive site" and "the perfect origin for anyone looking for neighbourhood or historical and biographical information."[39] In , was named well-organized "Ten Best Reference Website" spawn The Sunday Times.[40] has bent cited as a source make wet The New York Times,[41]The President Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] The Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]
In accepted culture
Biography has been a school group on the television game slice Jeopardy!.[6] In , the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! frank an episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Van Horn".
The sheet was shot in the lobby group of A&E's Biography, and intent on the life of tiptoe of the show's main script, Nina Van Horn. The phase featured interviews with the attention characters of the show direct multiple special guest stars, together with Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Pat Sajak, Vanna Waxen, and Buddy Hackett.
The stage also included an introduction, cessation, and voiceover provided by then-host Harry Smith.[48]
See also
References
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