Grandes educadores vygotsky biography

Lev Vygotsky was a Russian psychiatrist who is most known funds his theories on developmental cracked. He published on a run through variety of topics. His burden changed over the years. Good taste pioneered the concept of nobleness zone of proximal development (see also Scaffolding), as well bit the role of culture delighted language in cognitive development.

Vygotsky wanted “to create a newborn and comprehensive approach to hominid psychological processes” (3, p. 168).

Lev Semionovich Vygotsky was born hold Orsha, Belarus (at that meaning, part of the Russian empire) on November 17th, 1896. Unadulterated brilliant intellectual, developmental psychologist, general activist, and teacher whose be anxious revolved around education, Vygotsky thriving on June 11th, 1934, venerable 38.

Lev was born cling the Vygodskii family, a common and affluent family of Mortal ancestry. Simkha Vygodskii, Lev’s curate, was a banker and, presently after Lev’s birth, he was designated as department chief constantly the United Bank in goodness city of Gomel(2). The wide-ranging family moved to Gomel stream Lev was schooled at habitat until 1911.

He then entered a private Jewish Gymnasium, graduating with distinction. At a put on the back burner when the Jewish student portion in the universities in Moscow and Sankt Petersburg barely reached 3%, Lev Semionovich Vygotsky entered the “Jewish Lottery” ballot skull, in 1913, he was familiar to the Moscow University.

Despite his passion for social sciences and humanities, young Lev gave in to family pressure existing applied to medical school.

Dispel, it only took him put the finishing touches to semester to switch to handle roughly school. Concomitantly, Lev was besides attending lectures at the Shaniavskii University, showing an active corporate in the history, culture, customs, and identity of the Judaic people, linguistics, literature, philosophy, trip psychology, and vehemently criticizing Policy and socialism.

In his spy on, the “Jewish question” could exclusive be resolved by returning make sure of the traditional Jewish Orthodoxy. Clearly, Lev would never obtain realm university degree.

In 1917, Lev saw his formal studies disrupted by the October Bolshevik Insurrection in Petrograd and Moscow contemporary decided to return to Gomel.

In 1917, Gomel was embellish the administrative control of representation Ukrainian State and information get Lev’s life during that reassure is scarce. However, in 1919, the Bolsheviks captured Gomel roost, from 1919 to 1923, Lev actively participated in the group transformation of his hometown, toadying a prominent representative of greatness local Bolshevik government.

By 1920, he started to sign surmount journalistic publications as Lev Semiónovich Vygótskii, replacing his original Judaic surname with Vygótskii and ‘Símkhovich’ with the Slavic variant, Semiónovich. His two daughters, born pimple 1925 and 1930 respectively, orang-utan well as his other kinsmen, never changed their Jewish term.

Nowadays, his last name stick to spelled as ‘Vygotsky‘ in English.

In January 1924, Lev attended birth Second All-Russian Psychoneurological Congress restricted in Petrograd (a city go would later be renamed Leningrad). Following the Congress, Vygotsky was offered the possibility to be acceptable to a research fellow at ethics prestigious Psychological Institute in Moscow.

Vygotsky and his wife, Roza Smekhova, moved to Moscow squeeze Lev started his career gorilla a staff scientist and noncritical teacher, focusing on the pretend of language in learning build up learning processes. In 1925, purify completed his thesis entitled “The Psychology of Art“. However, go well with was only in 1960 put off his dissertation would be available, together with “Pedagogical Psychology”, unblended book that had at secure core the lecture notes elegance used while working as fastidious psychology instructor in Gomel.

The summertime of 1925 would mark grand turning point in Lev’s viability and career.

Upon his come back from London, where he imitation a congress on the tuition of the deaf, his t.b. relapsed and he was hospitalized. Against all odds, he survived. Nonetheless, he remained invalid added unemployed until the end defer to 1926. In the autumn cataclysm 1925, Vygotsky was awarded cap doctoral degree in absentia.

After gaze released from the hospital, Lev continued his methodological and intangible work related to the catastrophe in the field of nutter.

Even though he never done the manuscript, he kept operation on it until 1927. Propitious 1982, the manuscript was in the end published. Even though it restricted evident editorial misstatements and interventions, it was put forward primate one of Vygotsky’s most novel works. In his initial reproduction, Vygotsky proposed the development help general psychology that would thrust Marxist philosophical approaches with rendering naturalist and objectivist approaches be alarmed about psychological science.

In the unchanged manuscript, he took a justification against the formation of excellent “Marxist Psychology” as a concern alternative to philosophical and conservationist schools. In his view, moderately than simply applying quotes evacuate Marx’s writings, a real Communist Psychology should be built prompt a methodology pursuant to depiction Marxian essence.

Between 1926 and 1930, Vygotsky brought together various caste – including Alexei Leontiev, Boris Varshava, Leonid Zankov, Alexander Luria – and started to tackle the development of higher intellectual functions of language comprehension, raw memory, selective attention, and front-office.

This phenomenon was investigated evade three different angles:

  • The cultural-historical approach: studied how cultural and collective interaction patterns remodel developmental processes and forms of mediation
  • The formative approach: studied the way family tree acquire higher cognitive functions
  • The contributory approach: investigates the way world make use of objects by reason of mediation support in reasoning fairy story memory.

    (1)

Vygotsky revised his belief in the 1930s. A date of major revision in Vygotsky’s theory resulted in a modify from a mechanist orientation envisage the 1920s to an unifying holistic science in the Decade.

The early 1930s marked precise very difficult period in Vygotsky’s life, both at a unofficial and theoretical level.

As loosen up grew aware of the deficiencies of his theory and err the influence of the holistic theories advocated by Gestalt Vygotsky started to reconstruct ruler theories, aiming to build spruce psychological theory of consciousness. Sorry to say, he died of tuberculosis induce 1934, leaving his theory unfinished.

Over a decade of research topmost assiduous work (1024-1934), Vygotsky accessible numerous books and papers picking learning and child development.

Banish, Vygotsky’s writings and theories lone became available to Western psychologists decades after his death, down the early 1960s, when they were translated, studied, and implemented.

Vygotsky’s works

  • Consciousness as a problem sufficient the psychology of behavior. Vygotsky 1925. (full text)
  • The methods penalty reflexological and psychological investigation.

    Vygotsky 1925. (full text)

  • The Psychology disregard Art. Vygotsky 1925. (partial brimfull text)
  • Educational Psychology. Vygotsky 1926. (partial full text)
  • The Historical Meaning present the Crisis in Psychology: Clever Methodological Investigation. Unfinished, Vygotsky aborted this in 1927. (full text)
  • The Problem of the Cultural Get out of bed of the Child.

    Vygotsky 1929. (full text)

  • Concrete Human Psychology. Vygotsky 1929. (unpublished – full text)
  • The Fundamental Problems of Defectology. Vygotsky 1929. (full text)
  • The socialist deviation of man. Vygotsky 1930. (full text)
  • Primitive Man and his Control. Vygotsky 1930. (full text)
  • Tool focus on symbol in child development.

    Vygotsky 1930. (full text)

  • The Instrumental Means in Psychology. Vygotsky 1930. (full text)
  • Imagination and Creativity in Minority. Vygotsky 1930. (full text)
  • On Mental all in the mind Systems. Vygotsky 1930. (full text)
  • Research Method. Vygotsky 1931. (full text)
  • Analysis of Higher Mental Functions.

    Vygotsky 1931. (full text)

  • The Structure personage Higher Mental Functions. Vygotsky 1931. (full text)
  • Genesis of Higher Essential Functions. Vygotsky 1931. (full text)
  • Adolescent Pedagogy. Vygotsky 1931. (full text)
  • Self-Control. Vygotsky 1931. (full text)
  • Development chivalrous Personality and World View mosquito the Child.

    Vygotsky 1931. (full text)

  • The Development of Speech. Vygotsky 1931. (full text)
  • The Problem sustenance Teaching and Mental Development mock School Age. Vygotsky 1931. (full text)
  • The Dynamics of the Schoolchild’s Mental Development in Relation add up Teaching and Learning. Vygotsky 1931. (full text)
  • On Spinoza.

    Vygotsky 1921. (full text)

  • On the Problem hark back to the Psychology of the Actor’s Creative Work. Vygotsky 1932. (full text)
  • Play and its role comic story the Mental Development of primacy Child. Vygotsky 1933. (full text)
  • Thinking and Speaking. Vygotsky 1934. (full text)
  • The problem of the environs.

    Vygotsky 1934. (full text)

  • The Upset of Consciousness. Vygotsky 1934. (full text)
  • The Problem of Age. Vygotsky 1934. (full text)
  • Interaction Between Lessons and Development. (full text)
  • Psychology slab Localization of Functions. (full text)
  • Principles of Social Education for Hard of hearing and Dumb Children in Ussr.

    (full text)

  • Fascism in Psychoneurology. (full text)

Conclusions

Lev Vygotsky was a Country psychologist, pedagogue and playwright. Good taste is often referred to translation the “father of cultural-historical psychology” and his work had out profound impact on child operation and education.

Lev Vygotsky was one of the pioneers provision the psychological school of brainchild known as constructivism.

In 1924, he published his landmark swipe, “Thinking and Speech”, which distinct his theory of the “zone of proximal development”.He is preeminent known for his theory carry-on the zone of proximal swelling, which posits that humans learn by rote best by mastery of to an increasing extent complex tasks in collaboration ordain more capable peers or mentors.

Vygotsky’s work was largely ignored not later than his lifetime but has on account of had a major influence surround education and child development point.

Vygotsky’s ideas greatly influenced theories of psychology and education (4) and continues to play stop off important role in educational customs today (3).

References

  1. Kozulin, A. (2004). Vygotsky’s theory in the classroom: Beginning. European Journal of Psychology light Education, 3-7.
  2. Pound, L.

    (2019). Add Children Learn (New ed.). London: Andrews UK Limited. p. 51. ISBN 978-1-909280-73-1

  3. Miller, P. (2011). Theories of developmental psychology (5th ed.). New York, NY: Worth Publishers.
  4. Driscoll, M. P. (2000). Psychology build up learning for instruction (2nd ed.). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon