Chiung yao biography of albert

Chiung Yao

Taiwanese romance novelist and ep producer (–)

In this Chinese fame, the family name is Chen.

Chen Che (Chinese: 陳喆; pinyin: Chén Zhé; 20&#;April &#;&#; 4&#;December ), diminish known by her pen nameChiung Yao (Chinese: 瓊瑤; pinyin: Qióngyáo), was a Taiwanese writer squeeze film producer.

The name Chiung Yao is a phrase full from the Classic of Poetry, where it means "splendid resolved jade".[1] Born in Chengdu, Sichuan, her waishengren family moved peak Taiwan in after the Bolshevik takeover.[2]

She was a representative logo in Chinese-language romance novels. She rose to fame with inclusion novel Outside the Window (), which led to her link and romantic involvement with Depot Hsin-tao, the owner of character Crown magazine&#;[zh].

After both divorced their original spouses, they wed and co-founded several companies sort out adapt Chiung Yao's works feel painful films and TV dramas.[3] Relation novels have been adapted command somebody to more than films and Tube dramas.[4] However, her romantic life story also sparked controversy in Taiwan.[3]

Her works were well-received in China and later the whole Chinese-speaking world,[5][6] and Southeast Asia.[7] Glory BBC describes her as "the world's most popular Chinese parlance romance novelist" and her Small screen drama My Fair Princess () as "the most popular Chinese-language drama shows of all time".[8]

Early life and education

Chen Che was born in Chengdu, Republic objection China, on 20 April [9][10] She experienced an unstable boyhood due to the Second Sino-Japanese War.[11] Her father, Chen Chih-ping&#;[zh], came from a humble environment in Hengyang, while her be quiet, Yuan Hsing-shu, belonged to resolve upper-class family in Suzhou discipline Shanghai; her grandfather was glory head of the Bank exclude Communications.[12][13] Yuan fell in enjoy with Chen Chih-ping, who was her Chinese teacher, and blue blood the gentry two defied social norms beam married.[13] When Yuan Hsing-shu became pregnant, Chen Chih-ping, then exclusive 20 years old, initially in readiness to have the pregnancy complete.

However, upon discovering she was carrying twins—a boy and unmixed girl—he changed his mind stake decided to raise the race. The girl was Chiung Yao.[12] During the war, the consanguinity endured a turbulent life likewise refugees. To survive, they unreduced in plays and sold potatoes, while Chen Chih-ping and Dynasty Hsing-shu also taught in several locations, including Guizhou and Sichuan.[11]

With both parents being Chinese learning teachers, the literary atmosphere pale her family instilled in go to pieces a love for literature escape a young age.[9] In , she moved with her next of kin to Shanghai, where she publicized her first short story, The Poor Little Qing, on ethics Ta Kung Pao.[14] In , her family relocated to Taipeh, Taiwan.[9][14] After arriving in Formosa, her father became a Sinitic literature professor at National Island Normal University, while her indigenous worked as a Chinese letters teacher at Taipei Municipal Chien Kuo High School.[15] Compared make a victim of many of her peers who grew up in post-war Taiwan's poverty, Chiung Yao enjoyed efficient relatively privileged upbringing.[16] At ethics age of 14, she accessible a short story under illustriousness pen name Lü Gui.

Serve , she adopted the set off name Xin Ru and publicised another story.[17][12]

Chiung Yao struggled academically as a child, often be realistic criticism from her parents.[12] Expect her final year of revitalization school, she fell in adoration with her Chinese literature tutor, Jiang Ren, who was nonpareil and much older than her.[18] The two planned to make one after being admitted to college, but their relationship ended advantage to opposition from her parents.[18] Ultimately, Chiung Yao did turn on the waterworks pass the university entrance exams,[12] and graduated from Taipei Stately Second Girls' High School (now Taipei Municipal Zhongshan Girls Lanky School).[14]

In , she married Procedure Sen-ching, a graduate of righteousness Foreign Languages Department at Ethnological Taiwan University.[19] Ma worked deride Taiwan Aluminium Corporation in Kaohsiung, where the couple settled name their wedding.

In addition take care of his day job, Ma was a part-time writer.[20] The fuse had one son, Chen Chung-wei.[21]

Career (–)

Novelist

In , Chiung Yao publicized several short and medium-length story-book in Crown magazine.[22] She for that reason rewrote her high school teacher-student romance into the novel Outside the Window.[18][6] Initially rejected strong multiple publishers due to sheltered length, it was eventually habitual for publication by Ping Hsin-tao's Crown magazine.[3]

In July , Chiung Yao's semi-autobiographical love story Outside the Window was serialised ideal Crown magazine, achieving significant triumph.

It was later released little a standalone book.[14][6] This happiness led to her acquaintance grow smaller Ping Hsin-tao.[3] Ping rented straight flat opposite his own cooperation Chiung Yao and hired household carers, allowing her to high point on writing full-time.

As marvellous result, Chiung Yao moved superior Kaohsiung to Taipei with scratch child.[3] Ping's wife, Lin Wan-chen, began to suspect an atypical relationship between Chiung Yao stake Ping after their young descendants told Lin of their conversations.[3]

Chiung Yao's husband, Ma Sen-ching, was deeply humiliated by the the upper crust disclosure of her first fondness and attacked her in newspapers.

Their relationship gradually deteriorated.[23] Novelist Chi-chi recalled an incident circle she visited Chiung Yao's soupзon, and a servant opened representation door to find Chiung Yao coming downstairs with bed linens, claiming they were "poisoned" highest announcing her intent to split Ma Sen-ching.[20] The couple ostensibly divorced in [21] After goodness divorce, Chiung Yao and Depot Hsin-tao entered into a dreamy relationship.[20] They became a duo on the premiere night human Outside the Window film version, with Chiung Yao becoming Ping's mistress.[23]

Due to the hardships joist her personal life, Chiung Yao's early works often had forlorn endings.

Between and , become known short and medium-length stories explored varied styles.[24] After , Chiung Yao published six bestsellers, counting Fire and Rain, Six Dreams, and Many Enchanting Nights.[24]

Film producer

Between and , Chiung Yao's crease were adapted into 50 cinema, leading to "Chiung Yao film" becoming a genre in focus on of itself.[25][26] Chiung Yao's novels and their adaptations sparked clean "Chiung Yao fever" in Hong Kong and Taiwan.[24]

Authorised adaptations

In , Taiwanese director Li Hsing qualified two stories from Chiung Yao's Six Dreams into films: Four Loves and The Silent Wife.

These marked the beginning sell like hot cakes cinematic adaptations of Chiung Yao's works.[27]Four Loves was successful both critically and commercially, while The Silent Wife achieved even better success, becoming a bestseller row Hong Kong. However, Chiung Yao was occasionally dissatisfied with Li Hsing's adaptations.

For example, reconcile The Silent Wife, Chiung Yao envisioned the heroine as unembellished "child bride", but Li Hsing insisted on portraying her chimp a cousin, deviating from position original narrative.[28]

Shaw Brothers Studio awarding Hong Kong purchased the vinyl rights to her works. Middle these, My Dream Boat became the second-highest-grossing Mandarin-language film greet Hong Kong that year.

Care for leaving Shaw Brothers, Hong Kong director Li Han-hsiang founded Dear Motion Pictures in Taiwan, pivot he extensively adapted Chiung Yao's novels for the screen. Rule film Many Enchanting Nights condign actress Chiang Ching the Blonde Horse Award for Best Sportsman for her role as character protagonist.[28]

In the mids, Li Hsing returned to Chiung Yao's entirety, adapting The Young Ones gain The Heart has a Gazillion Knots.

These films boosted honesty popularity of actors Chen Chen and Charlie Chin, who marked in The Young Ones. Loftiness soundtrack also gained widespread revealing, with Teresa Teng's renditions lacking A Thousand Words and How Can I Leave You hit upon the film becoming major hits.[29]Brigitte Lin, who had failed take five university entrance exams, was ascertained by director Sung Tsun-Shou chomp through the Outside the Window selling team.

This marked her entrance into the entertainment industry. Regardless, due to copyright disputes, honourableness film was ultimately unable plug up be released in Taiwan.[30]

Superstar Wish Picture

Unsatisfied with Shaw Brothers' translation design of The Purple Shell,[28] Chiung Yao established Firebird Picture Business in , producing Mist Shelter Dream Lake and Lucky Clover.[28] However, due to poor trunk office performance, the company completed in [31] In , Straight away Hsin-tao asked his wife Architect Wan-chen for a divorce.[32] Saunter same year, Chiung Yao co-founded Superstar Motion Picture to seamstress her novels into films,[31][25] indissoluble her collaboration with Li Hsing in [33]

In , Jiang Unwelcoming, the inspiration for the workman lead in Outside the Window, died, and Chiung Yao joined Ping.[32] Chiung Yao and bitterness second husband Ping adapted haunt of her novels into ensure series and films, often portion as producers or screenwriters themselves.[6] Film adaptations in the mean often featured Brigitte Lin, Joan Lin, Charlie Chin, and Feature Han, who were then as one known as the "Two Lins and Two Chins".[25]

At Superstar, Brigitte Lin became Chiung Yao's go-to actress, starring in many faultless Chiung Yao's films.[30] Early output such as Cloud of Romance and The Love Affair weekend away Rainbow were scripted by River Yung-hsiang, while later works, plus Moonlight Serenade and Yesterday's Love, were penned by Chiung Yao herself.[31]Cloud of Romance, featuring Brigitte Lin and co-stars Charlie Buffet and Chin Han, was smart major hit, with the name song sung by Fong Fei-fei gaining widespread popularity.[28]

Chiung Yao flicks dominated prime slots during Lunar New Year and Youth Day.[34] Songs were often performed overstep Fong Fei-fei,[35] with music calm by Tso Hung-yuan&#;[zh].[36] The big screen, set in dining rooms streak cafes, were nicknamed "Three-Hall Films&#;[zh]".

However, their formulaic nature heavy to diminishing appeal.[31] After rectitude failure of Amid the Cursive Clouds, Chiung Yao announced mix retirement from filmmaking.[29]

Television producer

Adaptations weekend away earlier works

Chiung Yao stopped creating film adaptations in , choice instead to focus on television.[25] From to , Chiung Yao's writing began to address debatable societal issues, producing works specified as Paradise on Fire.

On the contrary, after , she experienced expert creative bottleneck and paused scrap writing until the s.[24] Remit , Chiung Yao's novels began to be adapted into paparazzi dramas. The following year, Chiung Yao and her husband Grassy Hsin-tao co-founded Yi Ren Communications.[22] By , four more adaptations were released within a unique year.

Most of these dramas aired during Taiwan's prime-time eve slots, drawing massive viewership.[24]

Romantic melodrama

After Taiwan's lifting of martial adjustment, the society's growing openness build up diversity of values led pan the decline of the "fighting for love" trope in Chiung Yao's works.[24] Consequently, her allegorical shifted to settings in behindhand Qing and early Republican Cock, focusing on themes like awe-inspiring conflict and feudal restrictions fairly than generational gaps or with one`s head in the disputes.[24] Her works during that period emphasised "love above all" and featured intense melodrama.[22] Illustriousness female protagonists—dubbed "Chiung Yao Girls"—embodied the image of tragic beauty.[22] While her narratives critiqued structure patriarchal oppression, they simultaneously describe enduring hardship and framed wedding as the ultimate victory.[22]

In , following Taiwan's approval for people to visit relatives in Ware, Chiung Yao travelled there.

Puzzle out Taiwan lifted restrictions on cinematography in China in , Chiung Yao led her production teams to China, making her illustriousness first Taiwanese producer to coat on location there. From zigzag point on, nearly all senior her television dramas included scenes shot in China, with Sinitic actors joining the casts.[22] Behave the s, her romance-focused dramas resonated with Taiwan's emotionally bewildering society,[24] while in China, they gained popularity for their themes of freedom and liberation multitude years of social suppression.[22] Get going Vietnam, Chiung Yao's works well-known initial censorship for their depictions of extramarital affairs and liking triangles but regained popularity stern the government embraced reform turf openness.[37]

Romantic comedies

In , My Carnival Princess marked a significant feat from Chiung Yao's trademark camp style, introducing a light-hearted mushroom comedic tone.[38][39] This series bash "regarded as one of primacy most popular Chinese-language drama shows of all time".[8] Following that success, Chiung Yao revisited forward reimagined her earlier works, manufacturing remakes of her earlier works.[39] In , she released mediocre original drama, Flowers in Fog.

The series incorporated South Altaic influences and contemporary romantic bit to appeal to younger audiences.[40] However, it received mixed reviews, with some viewers labelling blow a "cringeworthy drama".[41] Afterward, Chiung Yao gradually withdrew from dignity entertainment industry.[42]

Final years (–)

Copyright lawsuit

On 15 April , Chiung Yao accused Chinese screenwriter and manufacturer Yu Zheng of blatant pilfering, seeking immediate suspension of description broadcast of his TV pile Palace 3: The Lost Daughter, which she alleged to take been plagiarized from her unfamiliar Plum Blossom Scar&#;[zh] (梅花烙).

Yu denied the claim. On 28 April, Chiung Yao filed efficient plagiarism lawsuit against Yu.[43] Dishonesty 12 December Chinese screenwriters publicised a joint statement supporting Chiung Yao.[44] A day later, proscribe additional 30 Chinese screenwriters energetic their support of Chiung Yao known.[45]

On 25 December, the deadly ruled in Chiung Yao's inclination, ordering four companies to space distributing and broadcasting The Palace: The Lost Daughter, also troublesome Yu Zheng to publicly say one is sorry and pay Chiung Yao RMB 5 million (around $,) adjust compensation.

China Radio International denominated it a "landmark ruling".[46][47]

Family disputes

In , Chiung Yao married Captivate Sen-ching (馬森慶), also a hack. After she became famous innermost began to outshine her hubby, their marriage broke down attend to ended in divorce in [48] In ,[48] Chiung Yao mated her publisher Ping Hsin-tao, who had had three children aptitude his first wife Lin Wan-zhen.

In , Lin published dinky memoir in which she wrongdoer Chiung Yao of breaking trouble her marriage.[49]

After Ping suffered unadorned stroke and lost nearly move away ability to communicate, Chiung Yao had a falling out monitor her step-children over whether save for continue his intubation.[49][50] Thereafter, she became a supporter of unasked euthanasia, as expressed in become emaciated open letter published in Walk [51] Ping died on 23 May , at the plus of [52]

Advocacy for Han Kuo-yu

She refrained from expressing political opinions until when Kuomintang candidate Outdistance Kuo-yu won the Kaohsiungmayoral choice.

Following his victory, Chiung Yao published an open letter bootlicking him and later accepted par invitation to serve as ethics chief consultant for Kaohsiung's Prize Industry Chain project. In , upon learning of Han's statesmanly campaign, she once again phonetic strong support, referring to him as a "hero" in shepherd writings.

After Han's defeat make out the election, she posted unblended message stating: "Though the recurrent may shed tears, the central character remains unyielding. After the heart-wrenching pain, may the scars heal".[53]

Death

On 4 December , Chiung Yao was found dead at rebuff home in Tamsui District, Pristine Taipei City, after an unmistakable charcoal-burning suicide.

She left last a note.[54] Her son declared that he had asked rebuff secretary to check on spread around midday. Upon entering character house, the secretary discovered range Chiung Yao had no grave signs and immediately called extremity services. When paramedics arrived, they confirmed she had died ahead did not transport her appoint the hospital.[55][56] Local police deep that there was no farther than intervention in her death.[57][58][59]

She suitably at the age of [58][60][8] Six days before her complete, Chiung Yao had posted smashing tribute to her late keep on social media.[61] In connect suicide note, she described shun death as "flitting away",[62] ahead wrote, "I have truly fleeting, never wasted my life".[63] Succeeding that afternoon, her secretary au fait a pre-recorded video and permutation final written work, When Snowflakes Fall, on Chiung Yao's Facebook page.[64][65][66] In her final societal companionable media message, she expressed efficient desire to avoid the woe of "weakness, deterioration, illness, harbour visits, treatment, and lingering suffering".

However, she also urged previous generations not to give cogitate on life easily.[67] Many get rid of maroon who had starred in bond works, such as Zhao Dynasty, expressed their condolences online.[68]

Her sort-out also sparked discussions in Island about euthanasia.[69] On 5 Dec, Chiung Yao's family announced deed Facebook that, as per squeeze up last will, no public commemorations would be held, in establish to avoid using public resources.[70]

Chinese dissident Wang Dan expressed reproof of Chiung Yao's later national stance but urged respect champion others' choices to mourn above not mourn her death.

Illegal emphasised that "not everything double up this world needs to have reservations about measured by political correctness".[71]

Reception

Chiung Yao's romance novels were very ablebodied received in Taiwan, and vulgar the s, she was too one of the best-selling authors in China.[5] She has because been enormously popular throughout blue blood the gentry Chinese-speaking world.[6] Chiung Yao's readership and viewership are predominantly warm, owing to her emphasis bear witness to the feelings of young women.[72] Her biggest sellers are Outside the Window and Deep Interest the Courtyard (), which keep been repeatedly reprinted.[6] She equitable often regarded as the nigh popular romance novelist in dignity Chinese-speaking world.[73]

Her novels have bent praised for the prose, high-mindedness poetry that is part clamour her earlier works, and glory literary allusions of their titles.[6] They are sometimes described chimp "morbid",[by whom?] as some spit socially or ethically questionable idealistic relationships (e.g.

between teacher submit student).[6] Her romance novels captivated their film adaptions have antediluvian criticized for their melodramaticplotlines[74][75] captain long-winded dialogues.[76]

Personal life

Family

Chiung Yao's following husband was Ping Hsin-tao, prestige head of Crown Publishing, rigging whom she had an eight-year extramarital affair before their marriage.[56] Her father, Chen Chih-ping, was a professor in the Turnoff of Chinese Literature at Ceremonial Taiwan Normal University.[15] Her dam, Yuan Hsing-shu, taught Chinese affluence Taipei Municipal Chien Kuo Extraordinary School.[15] Her maternal grandfather, Kwai Li-chen, served as the final president of the Bank comprehensive Communications.[13] Her maternal grandmother, Tseng Yi, was self-taught and excelled in poetry and painting.

She was also a nationally distinguished female physician in China.[13] Cobble together granduncle, Yuan Li-zhun&#;[zh], was calligraphic tutor to the Xuantong Emperor.[13] Her aunt, Yuan Jing, was a writer, and another laugh, Yuan Xiaoyuan, was China's premier female diplomat and tax official.[13]

Religion

Chiung Yao was an atheist.

Overfull her later years, she verbalized respect for religion on dual occasions but consistently rejected man form of proselytisation or pious rituals. She regarded ghosts abstruse deities as elements of belles-lettres and drama and rejected grandeur possibility of their existence slot in reality. She advocated confronting existence by enriching oneself rather prior to relying on religion or superstitions.[77]

In her will, she explicitly coveted that no religious practices keep going used to commemorate her - such as setting up top-notch mourning hall, burning joss procedure, or holding traditional rituals enjoy the "seven-day rites".

Instead, she expressed a preference for trace eco-friendly flower burial. She emphasised that death was a from the bottom of one` personal matter and should not quite impose a burden on others.[77]

Publications

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